The story
Film4 began when founding Chief Executive, Jeremy Isaacs, assisted by deputy chairman Richard Attenborough, convinced the board of directors of Channel 4 to provide an initial annual budget of £6 million to make films. The newly formed Channel Four Films was established with a mandate to make around 20 productions annually. Isaacs wanted the station to avoid association with 'single plays' or dramas and came up with the name Film on Four.
Christopher Morahan was offered the job as Commissioning Editor for Fiction but turned it down. Instead BBC producer David Rose, who was near retirement, was appointed.
The company's first backed feature was Neil Jordan's debut Angel (1982), while Stephen Frears' Walter was the company's first film broadcast on Channel 4, screened in the evening of the station's launch on 2 November 1982. P'tang, Yang, Kipperbang was screened the following day.
Originally, Channel Four Film's productions were intended solely for television broadcast, as the industry's "holdback" system restricted TV companies from investing in theatrical films. However, an agreement with the Cinema Exhibitors Association soon allowed limited cinema releases for productions with budgets under £1.25 million. Channel Four Films went on to collaborate with key British production entities such as the BFI Production Board, Goldcrest Films, and Merchant Ivory, and by 1984 was investing in roughly one-third of all feature films made in the United Kingdom. Their first theatrical success was The Draughtsman's Contract (1982), although it was mainly a BFI production.
In 1983, the Business Development Department was established to oversee TV and film sales, and the company began investing in international titles, including Wim Wenders' Paris, Texas (1984) and Jan Švankmajer's Alice (1988). In 1985, FilmFour International was founded as a separate sales arm to handle international distribution and co-financing, supporting projects such as Andrei Tarkovsky's The Sacrifice (1986).
Channel Four Films achieved its first major critical and commercial success with Stephen Frears's My Beautiful Laundrette (1985). Originally shot in 16mm for television, it received international acclaim after screening at the Edinburgh Film Festival and was subsequently released theatrically by Orion Classics, becoming an international hit. By 1987, the company had an interest in half of all films produced in the UK, and had secured a licensing deal with Orion Classics for US distribution of titles including Rita, Sue and Bob Too and A Month in the Country.
Throughout the 1980s, Channel Four Films supported a number of British independent films that achieved critical attention, such as those by Ken Loach, Mike Leigh, Stephen Frears, and Hanif Kureishi, and produced films including Wish You Were Here, Dance with a Stranger, Mona Lisa, and Letter to Brezhnev. Mike Leigh later described Film on Four as having "saved the British film industry...This is a non-negotiable, historical fact of life and anybody who suggests that this isn't the case is simply either suffering from some kind of ignorance or has got some terrible chip." David Rose remained in his role until 1990, approving the production of 136 films, half of which received theatrical releases.
Following Rose's departure, David Aukin became Head of Drama in 1990, later retitled Head of Film in 1997. Under his leadership, the company enjoyed further international success with Neil Jordan's The Crying Game (1992), which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture, alongside Howards End and Damage that same year. Mike Leigh's Naked and Ken Loach's Raining Stones were both entered into competition at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival, and subsequent releases such as Four Weddings and a Funeral (1994), the highest-grossing UK film of all time, and Trainspotting (1996) became global box office hits.
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In the mid-1990s, Channel 4 entered a joint venture with The Samuel Goldwyn Company to distribute films in the UK, later forming Film Four Distributors in 1995 after Goldwyn withdrew. Film Four Distributors' first release was Blue Juice in September 1995. Its first major successes included Secrets & Lies and Brassed Off (both 1996). In 1998, the company was rebranded as FilmFour, with an increased annual budget of £32 million for 8–10 films. East Is East (1999) became its most successful self-funded production, and a three-year deal with Warner Bros, followed in 2000, its first collaboration, Charlotte Gray (2001), underperformed.
The Film Four Lab, a unit focused on producing low-budget, experimental features, was set up in 1998, headed by Robin Gulch. In February 2003, Gulch stepped down. Later that year, Peter Carlton was appointed as his successor.
Mounting financial losses led to significant restructuring in 2002, with the company reintegrated into Channel 4's drama department. The brand was relaunched as Film4 Productions in 2006 to coincide with the rebranding of the Film Four channel as Film4.
The Film4.0 initiative was launched in 2011, funding such films as Ben Wheatley's A Field in England (2013) and the Nick Cave musical documentary 20,000 Days on Earth (2014). Eventually, the Film4.0 brand was quietly dropped.
From Wikipedia’s article on Film4 Productions, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.4