Private company

Rakuten Kobo Inc.

Logo: Kashiwa Satō, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons4

Canadian ebook and audiobook company

Rakuten Kobo, commonly known as Kobo, is a Canadian company that sells ebooks, audiobooks and e-reader devices. The company is headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and is a subsidiary of the Japanese technology conglomerate Rakuten Group. Kobo operates a global digital reading platform that distributes e-books and audiobooks through its online store and mobile applications.2 It was founded by Michael Serbinis.1 It is part of Rakuten Group, Inc.1 Wikipedia text CC BY-SA 4.0

Last updated Oct 20, 2026.

Overview

Dec 2009Founded1
  • Industryretail1
  • HeadquartersToronto1
  • Founded inToronto1
  • Websitewww.kobo.com
  • Legal formbusiness corporation1
  • LEI549300QG7VD4DHFKPD083
  • StatusActive3
  • LEI statusLapsed (not renewed)3
  • Registered address135 Liberty Street, M6K 1A7 Toronto, Canada3
  • Registered withMinistry of Government and Consumer Services, 18661273

Rakuten Kobo, commonly known as Kobo, is a Canadian company that sells ebooks, audiobooks and e-reader devices. The company is headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and is a subsidiary of the Japanese technology conglomerate Rakuten Group.2

Corporate structure

Rakuten Kobo Inc. is part of a group headed by Rakuten Group, Inc.. 34 entities, 8 countries on record. Switch between the flow chart and the network, and select any entity to see its details.

Built from parent and subsidiary links from GLEIF, the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (CC0); subsidiaries, stakes and holdings from Wikidata (CC0). Each entity in the chart links to its source.

What it owns

What Rakuten Kobo Inc. reports owning in its annual reports to the SEC: buildings, land and equipment, real estate and locations, investments, intangible assets and inventory, at the end of its latest fiscal year and a year before.

Stakes and holdings (Wikidata)

  • Kobo.com

Things Wikidata records the company as owning, with the share when stated.1

The story

Founded by Michael Serbinis on Dec 2009, in Toronto.1

Kobo originated as Shortcovers, a cloud eReading service launched by the Canadian bookstore chain Indigo Books and Music in February 2009. In December 2009, Indigo renamed the service Kobo and spun it off into an independent company. Indigo retained its majority ownership, with additional investors including Borders, Cheung Kong Holdings, and REDgroup Retail, taking minority stakes. Japanese retail conglomerate Rakuten acquired the company from these owners in January 2012 and launched Kobo's e-readers in Japan a few months later.

In 2014, co-founder and CEO Michael Serbinis stepped down from his position and became vice chairman. He was succeeded by Takahito Aiki, who had been with Rakuten since 2007, and had most recently served as CEO of Fusion Communications. Aiki led Rakuten Kobo through parent company Rakuten’s acquisition of OverDrive, an e-book platform that provided e-books and digital audio to libraries and schools. OverDrive’s catalog was used to expand Rakuten’s Kobo e-reader and e-book store.

In 2016, Michael Tamblyn, president of Rakuten Kobo since 2014, was named the company's new CEO.

On 23 May 2016, Waterstones announced it had sold its e-book business to Rakuten Kobo, and as of 14 June 2016, users were required to access their e-books via Kobo's e-book site.

During the COVID pandemic, Kobo worked with governments, publishers, and retail partners to provide more than 20 million free books through the “Stay Home and Read” programme. The company reported that romance and mystery novels continued to be bestsellers during the pandemic and that there was a rise in books for kids and young adults.

In 2020, Rakuten Kobo sold OverDrive, the digital library lending platform it had owned since 2015. Kobo e-readers retained integration with the platform’s library borrowing services.

Two years later, in 2022, Rakuten Kobo’s catalog and products were available in 76 languages and 190 countries. The company then expanded into Malaysia. Rakuten Kobo launched their e-readers in the country and opened a localized bookstore to provide access to Kobo’s global catalog and Malaysian titles. 2022 also saw Kobo adopt Arabic as a primary browsing language.

In 2026, the company had grown to reach 195 countries. It expanded into the Thai market through a partnership with Meb Corporation, an e-book distributor. The two companies launched three e-readers in Thailand: Kobo Libra Colour, Kobo Clara Colour, and Kobo Clara BW.

From Wikipedia’s article on Kobo Inc., shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.5

Leadership

Who has led Rakuten Kobo Inc., and when. Pick a name to see everywhere that person has worked.

Products and brands

  • ebook

Listed on Wikidata.1

Products

Rakuten Kobo’s e-readers allow users to purchase books directly from the Rakuten Kobo store, rent books from the library using the Libby/OverDrive app, or read e-books purchased from other stores.

Kobo’s e-readers utilize ePaper screens with E Ink technology. They use Wi-Fi to sync a user's book collection and bookmarks with Kobo's cloud service, which can also be accessed from Kobo eReading apps for Windows and macOS computers, Android and iOS smartphones.

In 2025, Rakuten Kobo made Instapaper available on most of its e-readers and discontinued support for Pocket, which had shut down. With Instapaper, users can save articles from the internet and read them on their Kobo devices.

A year later, in 2026, Rakuten Kobo launched an integration with Storygraph, a social reading platform. The integration exists within the Kobo app and the company’s e-readers and allows a user’s reading progress to automatically sync to a Storygraph account.

Read the full text

E-readers

Kobo produces several e-readers with ePaper screens. The first Kobo eReader was introduced in 2010. The product lineup went on to consist of the base model Kobo Touch, the smaller Kobo Mini, and the Kobo Glo, which has an illuminated screen. On the higher end, the Kobo Aura; the Kobo Aura HD, which added a higher-resolution screen, the waterproof Kobo Aura H2O; and the waterproof Kobo Forma which added physical buttons and a choice of orientation. In 2018, the company released the Kobo Clara HD as another 6-inch option (the Aura Edition 2 being the first).

In 2019, the Kobo Libra H2O was released. Kobo partnered with Hotel Viu Milan to create a Reader in Residence program and for a month, the Kobo Libra H2O was placed in hotel rooms for guests to use. In 2020, Kobo introduced the Kobo Nia, an entry-level e-reader to replace the discontinued Kobo Aura. In 2021, Kobo introduced the Kobo Elipsa, an e-reader and smart notebook that allows users to write on the screen. The Kobo Clara 2E,a 6-inch, waterproof e-reader made from recycled plastic, featuring Bluetooth for audiobooks and 16GB of storage was released in September 2022. In 2024, Kobo released two e-readers with full-colour displays: the Kobo Libra Colour, which is also compatible with a stylus, and the Kobo Clara Colour.

These eReaders compete with the Amazon Kindle and Barnes & Noble Nook product lines.

Tablets

Kobo produced the Kobo Arc family of Android tablets, which it introduced in 2012 and refreshed in 2013. It previously sold the Kobo Vox, a 7-inch Android tablet released in 2011. In 2014, Kobo discontinued the Arc tablets and did not develop another one.

Applications

Kobo offers free reading applications for Windows and MacOS computers and Android and iOS smartphones. In June 2015, Kobo received a Top Developer badge in the Google Play store. In 2017, Kobo acquired Shelfie, an app that organises personal libraries.

Kobo Plus Subscription Service

Kobo Plus is the company's unlimited audiobook and eBook subscription service. It was first released in the Netherlands and Belgium in 2017 and then expanded to Canada in 2020. In 2021, Kobo signed an agreement with LeYa, a Portuguese publishing group, and launched Kobo Plus e_LeYa, which made exclusive content available in Portugal.

As of May 2021, Kobo Plus offered 599,000 eBooks and 94,000 audiobooks. Books are available in many languages. Readers can choose to subscribe to only eBooks or to expand the service with Kobo Plus Listening, which includes audiobooks.

Store and publishing

Kobo's bookstore was opened in 2009. Content sold on the Kobo Bookstore includes eBooks, Audiobooks, newspapers, and magazines. The majority of titles are sold in the open ePub format, albeit with Digital rights management.

Several digital bookstores have closed down and transferred their users to Kobo's bookstore. They include the defunct Borders, as well as the Sony Reader Store. Both have provided tools for users to migrate purchases and information to Kobo's offering.

On 17 July 2012, Kobo launched a self-publishing platform called Kobo Writing Life (KWL). Key features of Kobo Writing Life include "deep analytics", allowing authors to track sales in real-time; a "learning centre" to guide newcomers in digital publishing; and allowing an author to sell books globally.

In 2019, KWL began offering self-publishing opportunities for Audiobooks.

Emerging Writer Prize

The Kobo Emerging Writer Prize awards three first-time Canadian authors with Ca$10,000 each. The awards are given in three categories, Literary Fiction, Nonfiction, and Genre Fiction, with the genre selection changing each year. Traditionally published, and self-published books are eligible, and authors receive marketing and communications support during their winning year.

In 2021, the award's seventh year, the winning authors were: Michelle Good, author of Five Little Indians (Fiction); Eternity Martis, author of They Said This Would Be Fun (Nonfiction); and Emily Hepditch, author of The Woman in the Attic (Mystery).

At the same time as the Libra 2, the Kobo Sage was also introduced as a new top model. It has an 8" E-Ink Carta 1200 display with a resolution of 1440 × 1920 pixels and 32 GB internal memory. A Bluetooth module and a USB-C port have also been installed. In addition, as with the Elipsa, it is possible to capture notes on the device with a stylus.

Sales and market share

Kobo sells its devices online and through physical retail channels. The company's strategic partnerships have included Cheung Kong Holdings, WHSmith, Whitcoulls, FNAC, Livraria Cultura, and Eslite Bookstore. Kobo partnered with Australian online bookseller Booktopia and also has a programme partnering with independent bookstores to sell their devices.

In 2012, Wired named Kobo as the "only global competitor to Amazon [in the eBook market]" with over 20% of the worldwide market.

Kobo Inc. released eBook reading data collected from over 21 million readers worldwide in 2014. Some of the data said that only 45% of UK readers finished the bestselling eBook The Goldfinch.

As of August 2018, Amazon's Kindle eReader had an 83.6% share of the U.S. eReader market while Kobo had a 13.4% share.

Venture with Walmart

In 2018, the company and Walmart contracted to allow the latter to sell Kobo audiobooks, eBooks and eReaders in the U.S. This was the first venture into eBooks for the retailer which also began selling the Kobo eReaders. Walmart installed eReader stations in over 1,000 stores. Their eBook Web site was listing over 6 million titles. The retailer also began to offer subscriptions for audiobooks at a monthly fee.

Venture with Bol

In the Netherlands, Bol.com is contracted to sell Kobo audiobooks, eBooks and eReaders.

From Wikipedia’s article on Kobo Inc., shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.5

Subsidiaries and ownership

Parent company

Also owns

  • Kobo.com

Ultimate parent

From Wikidata.1 Ownership links from GLEIF, the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (CC0); each one cites its LEI record.

Timeline

  1. Jan 12, 2012Acquired Acquired by Rakuten Group, Inc.1
  2. Dec 2009Founded Founded in Toronto1

Sources

The numbers on this page point here. Each one links to the record it came from.

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