Automatic Bank Services

History

The company was established in 1978 as a joint service company of the five major banks: Bank Leumi, Bank Hapoalim, Israel Discount Bank, Mizrahi United Bank and the First International Bank. The goal for which the company was initially established was to establish and operate a network of ATMs in public places, which served the customers of all banks and to link all existing ATMs in Israel, so that all bank customers could withdraw money from any machine. When Israel joined the Swift network in 1982, the Shva assumed responsibility for connecting banks in Israel to this network.

The next stage in the company's development was the establishment of the infrastructure and system for clearing transactions carried out with credit cards in Israel. In contrast to the situation in most countries of the world where several companies provide these services, such as Mastercard, Visa Inc., American Express, and Diners Club International. There is a separation between the service of the bank clearing the payment to the business owner (Acquiring bank or acquirer) and the issuing bank or credit company issuing the cards to customers (Card-issuing bank or card issuer). Shva established a single infrastructure in Israel for all banks and three credit card companies (which were all fully owned by the banks). The Antitrust Commissioner granted the company an exemption from a restrictive arrangement in 2002, and the exemption was renewed every few years. The company also operated as a monopoly in the field of ATMs until the 2000s. It even began to charge mall owners a monthly fee for installing the machines. This situation resulted in no significant competition in Israel in the credit card sector, the barrier to entry into the market was high, and new suppliers did not enter the sector. And the banks had no incentive to improve service or offer new services. For example, the banks did not activate the ATM cards they issued as immediate debit cards for direct payment at businesses, because they preferred that customers use credit cards from which a commission was charged to both the customer and the business.

Reform, change of ownership and IPO

After many years of lack of competition in the sector, the State of Israel implemented a reform. The first change was implemented following the conclusions of the "Committee for Examining the Reduction of the Use of Cash in the Israeli Economy", headed by Harel Loker, which recommended in March 2014 that banks be required to issue an instant debit card without fees.

As a result of a software glitch in the company, on February 13, 2014, it was not possible to pay by credit card at approximately 10% of businesses in Israel for several hours.