Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia
Russian royal and writer (1858–1915)
Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia (Russian: Константи́н Константи́нович, IPA: [kənstɐnʲˈtʲin kənstɐnʲˈtʲinəvʲɪtɕ]; 22 August 1858 – 15 June 1915) was a grandson of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia, and a poet and playwright of some renown. He wrote under the pen name "K.R.", initials of his given name and family name, Konstantin Romanov.2
From Wikipedia’s article on Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.
Born Aug 22, 1858, died Jun 15, 1915.1
Companies
- Russian Academy of SciencesChair May 3, 1889 to Jun 2, 191512
Early life and education
The fourth child of the Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia and his spouse Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg, Grand Duke Konstantin was born on 22 August [O.S. 10 August] 1858 at the Constantine Palace, in Strelna in the Tsarskoselsky Uyezd of Saint Petersburg Governorate (now part of Saint Petersburg). His eldest sister Grand Duchess Olga married King George I of the Hellenes in 1867.
From his early childhood Konstantin Konstantinovich was more interested in letters, art, and music than in the military upbringing required for Romanov boys. Nevertheless, the Grand Duke was sent to serve in the Imperial Russian Navy. Konstantin Konstantinovich was unsatisfied, and left the navy to join the elite Izmailovsky Regiment of the Imperial Guard, where he served with distinction.
From Wikipedia’s article on Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.
Career
Occupation: writer, translator, poet, playwright.6
Personal life
- BornAug 22, 1858, Strelna7
- DiedJun 15, 1915, Pavlovsk8
- CitizenshipRussian Empire9
- SpousePrincess Elisabeth of Saxe-Altenburg married 188410
Marriage and family
Konstantin Konstantinovich married in 1884 in St Petersburg Princess Elisabeth of Saxe-Altenburg, his second cousin. Upon her marriage, Elisabeth became the Grand Duchess Elizaveta Mavrikievna. She was known within the family as "Mavra." Konstantin Konstantinovich was, by all accounts, devoted to his wife and children, and a loving father. He and his family made their home at Pavlovsk Palace, a suburban palace of St. Petersburg, and a favorite residence of Konstantin Konstantinovich's great-grandfather, the Emperor Paul I.
The couple would have a total of nine children:
Prince John (1886–1918), born a Grand Duke, he was, at nine days old, stripped of the title by an Imperial ukaz and styled a Prince of the Blood Imperial
Prince Gabriel (1887–1955)
Princess Tatiana (1890–1979)
Prince Konstantin (1891–1918)
Prince Oleg (1892–1914)
Prince Igor (1894–1918)
Prince Georgy (1903–1938)
Princess Natalia (died at exactly two months, 1905)
Princess Vera (1906–2001)
Prince John married Princess Helen of Serbia (daughter of King Peter of Serbia) in 1911. Princess Tatiana married Prince Konstantin Bagration-Muhransky, a Georgian prince, that same year.
Konstantin Konstantinovich's children were the first to fall under the new Family Law promulgated by Emperor Alexander III. It stated that henceforth, only the children and male-line grandchildren of a Tsar would be styled Grand Duke or Grand Duchess with the style of Imperial Highness -- great-grandchildren and their descendants would be styled either "Prince of Russia" or "Princess of Russia" with the style of Highness. The revised Family Law was intended to cut down on the number of persons entitled to salaries from the Imperial treasury.
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Fate of Konstantin Konstantinovich's family after the Russian Revolution
Further information: Martyrs of Alapayevsk
The Princes Ioann, Gavriil, Konstantin, and Igor were all arrested after the Bolshevik seizure of power in October 1917. Prince Gavriil was kept in Petrograd due to illness, but the other three princes were deported to Alapayevsk, a small town in the Urals. There they were imprisoned for some months, together with Grand Duchess Elizaveta Feodorovna, her companion, nun Barvara Yakovleva, Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich, his secretary Fyodor Remez and Prince Vladimir Paley. On the night of 17–18 July 1918 (24 hours after the execution of Nicholas II and his immediate family in Ekaterinburg), the Alapayevsk prisoners were executed by their Bolshevik captors. Their bodies were recovered from an abandoned mine shaft by the White Army, and reburied in 1920 at the Church of the Martyrs near Beijing, China.
Prince Gavriil was released from prison through the intercession of Maxim Gorki, who had unsuccessfully tried to save several other Romanovs. Gavriil and his wife, whom he had married after the Revolution, emigrated and settled in Paris, where Gavriil died in 1955.
The widowed Princess Tatiana fled to Romania and later to Switzerland with her children. She eventually became a nun in 1946, and died in Jerusalem in 1979, where she had been Abbess of the Orthodox Mount of Olives Convent since 1951.
Konstantin Konstantinovich's spouse and two youngest children, Prince George and Princess Vera, remained at Pavlovsk throughout the war, the chaotic rule of the Provisional Government, and after the October Revolution. In the fall of 1918, they were permitted by the Bolsheviks to be taken by ship to Sweden (on the Ångermanland, via Tallinn to Helsinki and via Mariehamn to Stockholm), at the invitation of the Swedish queen.
At Stockholm harbor they met prince Gustaf Adolf who took them to the royal palace. Elizaveta Mavrikievna and Vera and Georgi lived for the next two years in Sweden, first in Stockholm then in Saltsjöbaden. But Sweden was too expensive for them so they moved first to Belgium by invitation of Albert I of Belgium, and then to Germany, settling in Altenburg where they lived 30 years, except for a couple of years in England. Elizaveta died of cancer on 24 March 1927 in Leipzig. Prince Georgi died after surgery in New York City in 1938. Princess Vera lived in Germany until Soviet forces occupied the east part of the country, she fled to Hamburg and in 1951 she moved to United States and died there in 2001, in Nyack, New York.
From Wikipedia’s article on Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.
Awards
- 1915Insignias of Irreproachable Service11
- 1913Order of St. Vladimir, 1st class11
- 1911Order of the Star of Karađorđe11
- 1910Order for Merit11
- 1909In memory of the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Poltava11
- 1909Order of the Chrysanthemum11
- 1903Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd class11
- 1902Order of the Most Holy Annunciation11
- 1902Order of the Royal House of Chakri11
- 1897Medal In memory of coronation of Nikolay II11
More awards (29)
- 1897Medal for works on the first general census11
- 1897Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary11
- 1897Royal Order of the Seraphim11
- 1896Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class11
- 1894French Order of Academic Palms11
- 1887Order of Charles III11
- 1887Order of the Griffon11
- 1887Order of the White Falcon11
- 1886Order of Ludwig I11
- 18851st Class of the Cross of Honour of the House Order of Lippe11
- 1883Order of Saint Alexander11
- 1883Order of the Black Eagle11
- 1882Order of Prince Danilo I11
- 1878Cross "Danube Crossing"11
- 1878House and Merit Order of Peter Frederick Louis11
- 1878Medal in memory of Russo-Turkish War 1877–7811
- 1878Order of the Saxe-Ernestine11
- 1878Pour le Mérite11
- 1877Order of St. George, 4th class11
- 1875Knight of the Order of the Elephant11
- 1875Order of the Redeemer11
- 1874Order of the Crown11
- 1874Order of the Wendish Crown11
- 1865Order of Saint Stanislaus, 1st class11
- 1865Order of the White Eagle11
- 1858Knight of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky11
- 1858Order of Saint Anna, 1st class11
- 1858Order of St. Andrew11
- Date not recordedGrand Cross of the Legion of Honour11
Links
Sources
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