Sergey Chaplygin
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Sergey Chaplygin

Russian-Soviet engineer, mathematician and physicist

Sergey Alexeyevich Chaplygin (Russian: Серге́й Алексе́евич Чаплы́гин; 5 April 1869 – 8 October 1942) was a Russian and Soviet physicist, mathematician, and mechanical engineer. He is known for mathematical formulas such as Chaplygin's equation and for a hypothetical substance in cosmology called Chaplygin gas, named after him.2

From Wikipedia’s article on Sergey Chaplygin (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.

Born Apr 5, 1869, died Oct 8, 1942.1

About

He graduated in 1890 from Moscow University, and later became a professor. He taught mechanical engineering at Moscow Higher Courses for Women in 1901, and of applied mathematics at Moscow School of Technology, 1903. He was appointed Director of the courses in 1905. Leonid I. Sedov was one of his students.

Chaplygin's theories were greatly inspired by N. Ye. Zhukovsky, who founded the Central Institute of Aerodynamics. His early research focused on hydromechanics. His "Collected Works", consisting of 4 volumes, were published in 1948.

From Wikipedia’s article on Sergey Chaplygin, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.2

Companies

Early life and education

  • 1886 to 1893Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Moscow Imperial University master's degree3
  • 1902Lomonosov Moscow State University Doctor3

Early life

Chaplygin was born to Aleksei Timofeevich Chaplygin, a shop assistant, and Anna Petrovna in Ranenburg (present day Chaplygin), Russia. After his father died when he was 2 years old, his mother remarried a tradesman and they moved to Voronezh. There, he attended the Voronezh Gymnasium, which he graduated in 1886.

Soon after, he attended the Moscow University, specializing in Physics and Mathematics, which he graduated from in 1890. There he met and was strongly influenced by Nikolai Egorovich Zhukovsky. In 1893, he published his first work, On certain cases of the motion of a solid body in a fluid, for which he received the N. D. Brashman Award.

After graduating from the university, he went on to become a professor there. In 1897, he published On the motion of a heavy body of revolution in a horizontal plane, which was the first to present the general equation of motion of a nonholonomic system. This equation is a generalisation of Lagrange's equation. In 1899, he was awarded the Gold Medal of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.

From Wikipedia’s article on Sergey Chaplygin (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.

Career

Occupation: university teacher, engineer, mathematician, physicist.8

Known for: Lamb–Chaplygin dipole, Chaplygin's Theorem, Chaplygin's equation, Chaplygin sleigh, Kutta condition, Chaplygin problem, Chaplygin gas.9

Personal life

  • BornApr 5, 1869, Chaplygin10
  • DiedOct 8, 1942, Novosibirsk11
  • CitizenshipSoviet Union, Russian Empire12

Awards

  • 1941Hero of Socialist Labour13
  • 1933Order of Lenin13
  • 1929Honoured Scientist of the RSFSR13
  • 1927Order of the Red Banner of Labour13
  • 1925Zhukovsky Prize13
  • Date not recordedOrder of Saint Anna, 2nd class13
  • Date not recordedOrder of Saint Anna, 3rd class13
  • Date not recordedOrder of Saint Stanislaus, 2nd class13
  • Date not recordedOrder of St. Vladimir13

Sources

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